Typhoid Vaccine | Shim Clinic, Singapore

Typhoid Vaccine | Shim Clinic, Singapore: Typhoid vaccine jab/shot/injection, to vaccinate against Salmonella typhi, to immunise against typhoid fever clinic, Singapore. Private and confidential service. Definitions, references, and latest news.

Description

Vaccine types available for vaccination:

Vaccine	Against	Disease	Age	D o s e s	Dose schedule	Price per dose (SG$)
Fluarix™ Influenza vaccine	Influenza virus	Influenza	6-36m	½	1 yearly	$30/=
			>3y	1
Typhim Vi Typhoid vaccine	Salmonella typhi	Typhoid fever	>5y	1	3 yearly	$40/=
Tetavax Tetanus vaccine	Clostridium tetani	Tetanus	adults	3	1-2m interval 3rd @ 6-12m after 2nd	$20/=
			booster	1	10 yearly
Varilrix™ - Chickenpox vaccine - Varicella vaccine - Shingles vaccine - Herpes zoster vaccine	Varicella zoster virus	Chickenpox Herpes zoster	12m-12y	1		$121/=
			≥13y	2	6-10w interval
Mencevax® ACWY - Meningococcal vaccine - Meningitis vaccine	Neisseria meningitidis types A, C, W-135 and Y	Meningococcal meningitis	>2y	1		$76/=
Pneumovax® 23 - Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine - Pneumococcal vaccine	Streptococcus pneumoniae types 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V, 10A, 11A, 12F, 14, 15B, 17F, 18C, 19F, 19A, 20, 22F, 23F and 33F	Pneumococcal infection	≥50y	1		$99/=
Prevenar 13® - Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine - Pneumococcal vaccine	Streptococcus pneumoniae types 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, 23F	Pneumococcal infection	6w-6m	4	1m interval 4th @ 12-15m	$274/=
			7-11m	2	1m interval
			12-23m	2	2m interval
			2-5y	1
			≥50y	1
MMR vaccine			≥12m	1		$70/=
- Measles vaccine	Measles virus	Measles
- Mumps vaccine	Mumps virus	Mumps
- Rubella vaccine	Rubella virus	Rubella
Boostrix® - DPT vaccine - DTP vaccine			≥4y	1	<10 yearly	$70/=
- Diphtheria vaccine	Corynebacterium diphtheriae	Diphtheria
- Tetanus vaccine	Clostridium tetani	Tetanus
- Pertussis vaccine - Whooping cough vaccine	Bordetella pertussis	Pertussis Whooping cough

Meningococcal vaccine is recommended for persons traveling to sub-Saharan Africa, especially during the dry season (December to June), to other areas of current or recent epidemic activity, and to Mecca at any time. Particularly for the Hajj/Haj and Umrah.

If the clinic attendance is just for vaccination alone, no additional consultation fees are charged.

STD vaccine / hepatitis vaccine shot/jab/injection to prevent some STDs

Vaccine	Against	Disease	Age	D o s e s	Dose schedule	Price per dose (SG$)
Havrix™ 1440 Adult Hepatitis A vaccine	Hepatitis A virus	Hepatitis A	≥19y	2	m 0 & 6-12	$90/=
Engerix™-B 20 μg Hepatitis B vaccine	Hepatitis B virus	Hepatitis B	11-15y	2	m 0, & 6	$50/=
			≥20y	3	m 0, 1, & 6
				4	m 0, 1, 2, & 12 or d 0, 7, 21 & m 12
Twinrix®	Hepatitis A virus Hepatitis B virus	Hepatitis A Hepatitis B	1-15y	2	m 0, 6-12	$120/=
			≥16y	3	m 0, 1, 6
				4	d 0, 7, 21 & m 12
Gardasil® - HPV vaccine	HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18	Genital warts Cervical cancer	9-26y	3	m 0, 2, & 6 or m 0, 1, & 4	$195/=
Cervarix® - HPV vaccine	HPV types 16 and 18 (31, 33, and 45)	Genital warts Cervical cancer	10-25y	3	m 0, 1, & 6 m 0, 1, & 5 m 0, 2½, 12	$195/=
V503 - HPV vaccine	HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58	Genital warts Cervical cancer		3	m 0, 2, & 6 or m 0, 1, & 4	$???/=

References

• Typhoid vaccine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
• Typhoid vaccine: Definition from Answers.com
• Typhoid vaccine - definition of Typhoid vaccine in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia.

Molecular modelling, docking and interaction studies of human-plasmogen and salmonella enolase with enolase inhibitors.
Wed, 18 Apr 2012 07:48:05 +0100 | Bioinformation
In this study, molecular modelling of enolase of Salmonella has been accomplished in silico by comparative modelling; we have then analyzed Human alpha enolase which is a homodimer and serves on epithelial cells with our model. Both Structures were docked by D-tartronate semialdehyde phosphate (TSP) and 3-aminoenolpyruvate phosphate (AEP) enolase inhibitors. Our study shows that salmonella enolase and human enolase have different active sites in their structure. This will help in development of new ligands, more suitable for inhibiting bacterial survival inside host as vaccines for typhoid fever are not fully protective. The study also confirmed that enolase Salmonella and Human Plasminogen suggested direct physical interaction between both of them as the activation loop of plasminogen res...

How Common Is Human Metapneumovirus?
Mon, 09 Apr 2012 00:08:25 +0100 | PediatricEducation.org
Discussion Acute respiratory infections particularly clinical pneumonia are one of the most common causes of death world-wide. Clinical pneumonia in children less than 5 years old in developing countries is approximately 0.29 episodes per child-year or about 151.8 million cases per year of which 8.7% require hospitalization. An additional 4 million children are hospitalized in developed countries per year. There are great differences across the world with the distribution of pneumonia cases. The 5 countries with the highest incidence of clinical pneumonia are India, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nigeria. Even within these countries there are differences, for example rural areas often have higher incidences. Estimates of pneumonia mortality in children less than 5 years of age is about 2 ...

Live oral typhoid vaccine Ty21a induces cross reactive humoral immune responses against S. Paratyphi A and S. Paratyphi B in humans.
Wed, 04 Apr 2012 04:00:00 +0100 | Clinical and Vaccine Immunology
Authors: Wahid R, Simon R, Zafar SJ, Levine MM, Sztein MB Abstract Enteric fever caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A (S. Paratyphi A) infection has emerged as an important public health problem. Recognizing that in randomized controlled field trials oral immunization with attenuated S. Typhi live vaccine Ty21a conferred significant cross-protection against S. Paratyphi B but not S. Paratyphi A disease, we undertook a clinical study to ascertain whether humoral immune responses could explain the field trial results. Ty21a immunization of adult Marylanders elicited predominantly IgA antibody secreting cells (ASC) that recognize S. Typhi lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cross-reactivity to S. Paratyphi A LPS was significantly lower than to S. Paratyphi B LPS. ASC producing IgG ...

Immune signature against Salmonella [Commentary]
Tue, 27 Mar 2012 04:00:00 +0100 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Systemic typhoidal Salmonella enterica (serovars Typhi and Paratyphi) has been a major focus of study in the scientific community for the last several decades. Significant progress has been made regarding vaccine development against these serovars, which led to the production of two commercially available typhoid vaccines (1). However, there is still room for improvement regarding the efficacy of these vaccines, especially for targeting younger children. More recently, nontyphoidal S. enterica (NTS; other serovars) infections emerged as a significant, clinically important disease in developing countries, being a major cause of invasive infections, particularly in Africa, where it can be isolated from... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

Risks to Young Volunteers in International Social Projects
Fri, 10 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 | Annals of Occupational Hygiene
Conclusions: We conclude that young people need to be targeted with specialized advice for health and safety while abroad. This should highlight age-specific risks compared to advice for a more general population. Vaccination status should be improved for some regions and diseases. (Source: Annals of Occupational Hygiene)

Typhoid fever & vaccine development: A partially answered question.
Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 | Indian J Med Res
Authors: Marathe SA, Lahiri A, Negi VD, Chakravortty D Abstract Typhoid fever is a systemic disease caused by the human specific Gram-negative pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi). The extra-intestinal infections caused by Salmonella are very fatal. The incidence of typhoid fever remains very high in impoverished areas and the emergence of multidrug resistance has made the situation worse. To combat and to reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by typhoid fever, many preventive measures and strategies have been employed, the most important being vaccination. In recent years, many Salmonella vaccines have been developed including live attenuated as well as DNA vaccines and their clinical trials have shown encouraging results. But with the increasing antibiotic re...

Schools as potential vaccination venue for vaccines outside regular EPI schedule: results from a school census in Pakistan
Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 | BMC Research Notes
Conclusions: Health education programs are not part of the regular school curriculum in developing countries including Pakistan. Many schools in the targeted townships participated in immunization activities but they were not carried out regularly. In the wake of low immunization coverage in Pakistan, schools can be used as a potential venue not only for non-EPI vaccines, but for a catch up vaccination of routine vaccines. (Source: BMC Research Notes)

Molecular and Cellular Characterization of a Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi A Outbreak Strain and the Human Immune Response to its Infection.
Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 | Clinical and Vaccine Immunology
Authors: Gal-Mor O, Suez J, Elhadad D, Porwollik S, Leshem E, Valinsky L, McClelland M, Schwartz E, Rahav G Abstract Enteric fever is an invasive life-threatening systemic disease caused by the Salmonella enterica human adapted serovars Typhi and Paratyphi. Increasing incidence of infections with Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A (S. Paratyphi A) and the spreading of its antibiotic-resistant derivates pose a significant health concern in some areas of the world. Herein we describe a molecular and phenotypic characterization of a S. Paratyphi A strain accounted for a recent paratyphoid outbreak in Nepal, affected at least 37 travelers. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of the outbreak isolates revealed one genetic clone (pulsotype), confirming a single infecting source...

Evasion of host immunity by virulent salmonella: implications for vaccine design.
Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 | Current Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Riquelme SA, Wozniak A, Kalergis AM, Bueno SM Abstract Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) capable of linking innate and adaptive immunity during infection. After recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), DCs can engulf, process and present bacteria-derived antigens on MHC molecules to T cells. Because of the key role that DCs play on the initiation of innate and adaptive immunity, alterations in their function could render the host susceptible to bacterial dissemination. Consistent with this notion, is the observation that several pathogenic bacteria have evolved mechanisms to impair the DC capacity to prime naïve T cells. One of such bacteria is Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, which causes a typhoid-like d...

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